ICD-11

Any congenital defect of oesophagus that results from interference with the normal growth and differentiation of the fetus. Such defects can arise at any stage of embryonic development, vary greatly in type and severity, and are caused by a wide variety of determining factors, including genetic mutations, chromosomal aberrations, teratogenic agents, and environmental factors. Most developmental defects are apparent at birth, especially any structural malformation, but some become evident later.

A rare form of incomplete oesophageal obstruction due to a developmental defect of the primitive foregut that presents as a mucosal lesion forming an incomplete diaphragm. Symptoms (apparent from birth) include dysphagia, regurgitation, and choking.